HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Cromaglass Digest 1973-1986Nigeria Chooses Cromaglass For Principal Government Buildings
Ministry of External Affairs New Headquarters -
Lagos, Nigeria
The country of Nigeria is the world's 4th
largest producer of oil and one of the Third
World's fastest growing areas. With the
most populous of all African nations and a
per capita automobile ratio second to none
in the world, this Atlantic coast country has
only within the last 10 years risen from strife
of the Moslem -Christian War and military
rule.
Patterned on the U.S. form of Federal/
State Government, a new capitol city is be-
ing constructed which will use present build-
ings in Lagos (current capitol) as models for
Government Ministries. In addition, similar
buildings will be constructed as capitols in
each of 19 states.
Currently, the National External Affairs
Ministry headquarters building in Lagos,
with approximately 1,500 workers, is being
served by a 16,000 gallons per day Croma-
glass wastewater treatment system as part
of Nigeria's pollution control programs. Up
until now, city sewage was discharged into
open sewers along the streets, which in turn
empty directly to the ocean.
Conforming with Cromaglass Policy that
all such projects be supervised by central
office technical personnel, I. E. Udoh, Man-
aging Director of Cromaglass Distributor,
Zwischenstuck Engineering, contracted for
E. J. Wilson, Cromaglass Midwest U.S. rep-
resentative, to oversee this installation.
When interviewed upon return, Ed Wilson
Cromaglass 8,000 GPD system contains 900
gallon comminution tank, flow splitter tank, and
3 - 2,500 gallon modular treatment tanks.
commented on the challenging nature of his
visit to Lagos. Initially, location for all tanks
of the system was in concrete pits which
due to tidal water incursion had to be con-
stantly pumped until the tank modules were
placed and secured with tiedowns and a
cover of sand (to prevent floating). Wilson,
-, SEi.vAtG Ti4EffT /%'r
,RANK : CA- 2 S
ovo/STUBS O EARTH
37-0,
/O/AROO
TeAwderc rc&-
(7XP7
.AERATED TREATMENT
r4NK: cA-S
SO.,
who is a member of the National Associa-
tion of Home Builders and State Affiliates in
the U.S., has over 40 years experience in-
stalling water and sewage systems. He par-
ticularly noted the lack of good tools consid-
ered necessary elsewhere and the commu-
nications problems with local Nigerian
plumbers and electricians. Speed of work
during Ed's stay was helped, he said, with
the type of "packaged" module furnished
by Cromaglass which consists of fiberglass
compartmentized tanks to implement the
special batch type process.
Each of two similar 8,000 gallon systems
is located at opposite ends of the nine story
glass faced building —allowing flexibility of
use should special maintenance be required.
As incorporated in most Cromaglass Sys-
tems, pumps automatically discharge treat-
ed effluent under pressure through a solid-
state disinfection unit to the adjacent bay
waters.
27=6."
SEWAGE 7REA%MENT SYSTE/7
DWN.. 8Y:
✓.PI.
ScA4E:
Ai. T.S.
DATE: 9-Z8-80 CNKO:
Rev: APR):
CROMAGLASS CoRP OW 5. NO
ki/ t/AMSP0R7, PA. La/o -978
DGES
Builders Issue
Vol. 3. No.1
ADVANCED RESEARCH FOR POLLUTION CONTROL
JANUARY, 1982
Aeration .Systems Profit Builders
Cook Publications
COMMERCIAL BUILDING
SEWAGE PROBLEMS
CORRECTED
Cook Publications, located in Shelby
County bordering Birmingham, Alabama,
prints the weekly SUN newspaper and han-
dles nearly any type of commercial printing.
Owned and administered by Arthur Cook, as
Chairman, and Philip, his son as President,
they constructed a beautiful industrial/
commercial type building that blended well
with the surrounding topography and en-
vironment.
Unfortunately, their sewage system had
been inadequately designed and they had
been over the last couple of years encoun-
tering a slimy, smelly drainage of septic
sewage into the front area of their property
with eventual runoff through a drainage sys-
tem to the nearby woods.
Having heard of Trimm Building Corpora-
tion's ability to design, install, and service
Cromaglass aerobic wastewater treatment
systems, Phil Cook contacted Hershel Trimm
for help.
Trimm and his engineering consultants
analyzed site conditions and determined
that first of all, the treatment tank should be
sized to handle a daily flow of between
4,000 and 5,000 gallons including surge or
peak loading.
Next, a decision was made to abandon
the current septic tank drain field area and
to pipe treated aerobic effluent across an
access road to the wooded area where a
few trees and brush would be removed al-
lowing installation of approximately 3,850
linear feet of perforated 4 inch drain line. To
accommodate the latter, it would be neces-
(Continued on page 2)
Builder Diversifies
To Overcome
Housing Recession
W. Hershel Trimm, past President of the Ala-
bama Builders Association and a National
Director of NAHB, saw the need for improved
alternatives to central sewers. Through his
Trimm Construction Company, headquartered
in Birmingham, Alabama, he organized a
program acceptable to the Alabama Health
Department which would permit him and
other contractors in the state to build in lo-
cations inaccessible to central sewers or
unacceptable for conventional septic tanks.
Over a period of three years, installations
were made using Cromaglass batch treat
systems with integrated pressure dosing
capabilities. These were placed in soils or
slopes where septics had previously failed,
with monitoring of the tanks and drainfields
a critical part of the Health Department's re-
quirement.
Throughout this "onsite" demonstration
period, Trimm coordinated his wastewater
management program with Mr. Cecil M.
Cork, of the Division of General Sanitation,
under the Alabama Department of Public
Health. As an initial step, the Trimm organi-
zation carefully prepared, in cooperation
with the state, legal documents that assure
best possible maintenance of all installed
and operating systems. This includes man-
datory periodic inspection with unrestricted
access to sewage treatment facilities and
payment guarantee for all parts and labor
provided by service personnel.
A most important aspect of the observa-
tion was proof that aerobically treated efflu-
ent could be safely discharged to soils types
knowingly unacceptable for septic tank/
drainfields. This was accomplished by look-
ing and probing into inspection ports strate-
gically placed at or near the ends of effluent
drain lines.
Trimm initially installed Cromaglass batch
treat systems on individual home sites, but
expanded into use for multi -family and com-
mercial properties such as a foster boy's
home, an auto dealership, and a lumber
company. Two of the more prominent pro-
jects have been described and illustrated in
this digest.
Le Richelieu Town Homes four unit complex
Le RICHELIEU
TOWN HOMES
Developing town homes on 10 acres of
ground in the Birmingham, Alabama area
was not going to be as economical as Trimm
Building Co. originally planned. Due to topo-
graphical and soils conditions, tougher
Health Department regulations would per-
mit construction of only 16 town homes on
the 10 acres.
However, this did not deter Hershel Trimm
in his quest to utilize better on -site technol-
ogy for more efficient construction on his
property.
A more careful analysis of soils conditions
by digging deep observation pits indicated
that the shaley layer approximately 2 feet
below grade was of a porous tight sand na-
ture that was easily fractured and, therefore,
could support infiltration of a good secon-
dary treated type wastewater effluent.
Next, Trimm had an engineering study
made by Charles G. Bueltman, P.E., of the
Cromaglass aerobic systems, to assure the
Jefferson County Health Department that
the proposed treatment system had the oxy-
gen transfer capability to meet the demand
of daily wastewater flows from 4 town
homes. Engineer Bueltman satisfied himself
of treatment capabilities by reviewing tests
performed on oxygen transfer utilizing the
Cromaglass venturi nozzle processes and
by evaluating long-range testing of the
Cromaglass System performed at Pennsyl-
vania State University Sanitary Engineering
Facilities and monitored by the National
Sanitation Foundation. Finally, he equated
this information with the expected maximum
daily biochemical oxygen demand loading
(Continued on page 3)
SEWAGE PROBLEMS
(Continued from page 1)
sary to construct a distribution box connect-
ed to the drain lines by approximately 1,450
linear feet of 2" PVC solid pipe using over
100 PVC fittings for final connection to the
perforated drain line.
Among details for completing the installa-
tion, it was necessary to coordinate connec-
tion to the new Cromaglass Model CA-50
batch -treatment tank with the working -
schedule in the building, which except for
Sundays, is on an around the clock basis of
3 shifts. The drain field area had been con-
structed several days previously and the
tank was put into place near the building on
a Friday afternoon and Saturday. Installation
of pumps and controls was early Monday
and coordination of sewer line connection to
the new tank during afternoon break for shift
change.
Due to the "packaged" nature of the
Cromaglass System, this transition was car-
ried out very smoothly with aerobic effluent
being pumped to the new drain field with
minimum complications.
Trimm's expertise in installing modern
wastewater treatment facilities has been of
great service to the customer and has ena-
bled a home builder, such as he, to over-
come problems of the recession in his in-
dustry.
Cook Publishing President, Phil Cook inspects
final connection of Model CA-50 with Hershel
Trimm.
INSPECTION PORTS
4" PERFORATED
FLEXIBLE CORRUGATED
PIPE
2' P. V C.
RVC.
4 P.V.C.
Hershel Trimm showing 5,000 gallon aerobic
system operation to (L to R) with Jim Hollins, En-
vironmentalist, Ron Stutz, Chief of Shelby Coun-
ty Health Department, and Cecil Cork of Ala-
bama State Health Department.
Septic sewage runoff to property front and drain
to wooded area on extreme right.
DISTRIBUTION BOX
C ROMA GLA SS
MODEL CA-50
SECT. A -A
SOD tTOP SOIL
FILL SAND
fi
14'
*5 GRAVEL
SECT. B-8
BLE 5 �
-,:Ineffective °septic tank/drainfiel
tern: causing surfacin of :entreat
fH.t:.i:vru0a sto:,neighboring
Howard Humber, of Trimm Cos. setting final ele-
vation for sewer connection.
3,850 LINEAR FT. PERF. FLEX. CORREGATED PIPE 4'
400 LINEAR FT. SOLID FLEX. CORRELATED PIPE 4"
30 LINEAR FL 4' P.V.C.
R5O LINEAR FT. 3' P.V.C.
1,450 LINEAR FT 2" P.V.0
100 FITTINGS
CROMAGLASS CORP.
WILLIAM PORT. PENNA.
COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL APPLIC.
OWN BY: N. KIESSLING D BY:
CHXD BY a gt, TE:12/21181
SCALE: NONE IDWG. NO. /z5 I
Model CA-15 Batch Treat unit with integrated
pressure discharge component.
Aerobic drain field showing 2" manifold to PA"
"
perforated drainlines - note closeness to town-
house.
INSPECTION PORTS
r-B
TOWNHOUSE
SEWAGE TREATMENT SYSTEM
— CONSTRUCTION DETAILS —
1. Treatment Unit - Cromaglass Model
CA-15 or -alternate of CA-25 - each tank to
treat an expected daily peak flow of 300 gal-
lons per townhouse or 1,200 gallons per day
total from four townhouse cluster. Treated
effluent quality to be tested to meet an aver-
age of 85°/O reduction of basic pollutants
(BOD & SS).
2. Discharge Method - Pressure dis-
charge by submersible pump as integrated
component of fiberglass tank parts. Re-
motely located controls assure periodic dos-
ing of drainfield on programmed cycles.
3. Drainfield Design - 890 Linear feet of
12" wide by 24"-30" deep trenches consist-
ing of 12 field lines ranging in length from
100 feet and shorter. Header is 2" PVC with
1'/4" saddle fittings. Drain piping is 11/4" PVC.
4. Inspection Ports - 4" Flex or PVC pipe
used to periodically monitor conditions at
ends of drainfields.
A'1"-° A
1 -"PERFORATED P.V.
890LINEAR FEET OF DRAIN LINE
SOD•.TOP SOIL
24" -,-••= � 71 - r.T�
I�0 o. •♦ e o s • o e• e p soe •. e
a eo evooe• e o f o b e
e oe o • e e e
e • o o:Lep•
D p s D e o e e �,e e o u o
SECT. A -A
Le RICHELIEU TOWN HOMES
(Continued from page 1)
from each 4 unit town home complex. Other
factors influencing the Health Department's
decision to permit more housing units per
acre, included the use of water saving plumb-
ing fixtures and the effect on soils by the
discharge of aerobically treated effluent
containing less pollutants and a higher oxy-
gen content.
It was also noted that the aerobic tank ac-
cepted for the project contains an integrated
discharge/dosing component which enables
treated water to periodically be pumped to a
higher elevation where subsurface aerobic
drainfields have been placed. As an added
advantage, inspection ports are included
within the drainfield area that can be used
as desired to monitor subsurface conditions.
As a result of the engineering study, the
County Health Department permitted Trimm
to construct 43 town homes on the same 10
acres where they would have allowed only
16 with septic tanks as the sewerage fa-
cilities.
From an economical standpoint, Trimm's
gross income, with each town home, aver-
aging $95,000 sales totaled over 4 million
dollars compared to approx. 1.5 million
dollars if the project had been constructed
utilizing septic tank systems. In the final
analysis, Trimm stated that this made the dif-
ference of his deciding whether or not to
build the town homes.
1 P" SOLID
P.V.C.
CROMAGLASS
AEROBIC
WASTEWATER
TREATMENT UNIT.
O
TOWNHOUSE BLDG.
4 UNITS
CROMAGLASS CORP.
WILLIAMSPORT, PENNA.
TOWNHOUSE PROJECT
OWN BY:1V. KIESSLING '1;D BY:
CHBY: BY: JG, TE:12J2OJ81'
SCALE: NONE IDWG.NO. iZ6 f
BEFORE .
.. and .
.. AFTER
The last issue of the Cromaglass Digest showed a new method for hauling
Cromaglass Systems_ as designed by Don Leavitt of Boothbay Harbor,
Maine. Don and his Associates are making ever increasing use of their
pickup drawn trailer and the above picture shows a recent load leaving the
factory. The "after" shot demonstrates complicated installation conditions
overcome by Leavitt. That is Don with his foot propped on the chlorine
contact tank with Mark Leaman, his assistant, standing on the Cromaglass
Model CA900 (note effluent pipe at left draining from chlorine contact
tank to water) .
Extraordinary Installation
Bundy Sewer and Drain Ser-
vice of South Burlington, Ver-
mont installed the unit pictured
to the right at the vacation home
of Mr. Richard Hurd. Previous to
the Cromaglass installation
wastewater from the house dis-
charged via a four inch sewer
line to the water of Lake Cham-
plain.
Effluent is now treated aero-
bicly and pumped to a pollution
abating absorption area. With
the help of Mr. Hurd, as Chair-
man of the local Homeowners
Association, Bundy is install-
ing progressively more Croma-
glass Systems along the shore
of the lake. Utilization is being
made of built-up absorption beds
for disposal of effluent from
many of the Cromaglass Sys-
tems. Bundy reports that the
pumping systems included in the
Cromaglass Model C-5 are the
key to this type of effluent dis-
posal.
Bermuda Installation
used for Recycling
Cromaglass Dealer, Lionel
Williams, Williams Plumbing and
Heating Company of Hamilton,
Bermuda, puts final touches to
an installation of a Cromaglass
Model C-5 recently made on the
semi -tropical mid -Atlantic para-
dise. Treated effluent from the
system is piped to a holding tank
from which it is pumped for use
as a flushing medium in toilets.
It is anticipated that the same
effluent will later be used for
watering gardens.
Cromaglass Representative for
Bermuda and the Bahama Is-
lands is Masonex Environmental
Services, Inc., with Headquarters
in West Palm Beach, Florida. Mr.
Paul Branch is President of
Masonex and Mr. Mike Schorah
is Chief Engineering Representa-
tive.
ON WATERGATE
One way or another Cromaglass is
fnvolved in just about everything.
Cromar, our former parent, sup-
plied over 300,000 sq. f t. of hard-
wood flooring for the Watergate
Apartments — yes, the real Water-
gate currently subject of national
concern.
CROMAGLASS CORPORATION
P. O. BOX 3215 • WILLIAMSPORT, PA. 17701 • PHONE 717 • 326-3396
REPRINTED 3/82
DGES
VOL. 2, NO. 2
ADVANCED RESEARCH FOR POLLUTION CONTROL
NOVEMBER 1973
Space Program - Other Federal Agencies
Served by Cromaglass
Cromaglass Corporation has
recently supplied several of its
Wastewater Treatment Systems
to the National Aviation and
Space Administration on Cape
Kennedy, Florida for installa-
tion at Operations Buildings
near the launch pads.
N.A.S.A. has required these in-
stallations as part of a program
initiated by the Federal Govern-
ment to require secondary treat-
ment of wastewater flows from
all Federal Government facilities.
SEE UPDATED REPORT
INSIDE
All Cromaglass installations at
N.A.S.A. were used as replace-
ments for malfunctioning septic
tanks originally installed — and ef-
fluent pipes from Cromaglass tanks
were connected directly to original
absorption areas that had mal-
functioned when preceded by septic
tanks.
N.A.S.A. has been previously
and indirectly involved with
Cromaglass products through
Jack R. Lousma, one of the three
astronauts recently returned
from Skylab II. Colonel Lousma
installed a Cromaglass system in
his suburban Houston residence
partly, in his words, "to deter-
mine future usefulness in space."
OTHER AGENCIES
For the past few years Croma-
glass has been a supplier of the
same type systems to other
governmental agencies including
the Federal Aviation Administra-
tion (for installation at monitor-
ing stations), U. S. Coast Guard
(coastal stations), and the
United States Park Service.
F.A.A.
Approximately thirty Croma-
glass Model CA610 or Model C-5
systems have been installed or
ordered for the Federal Aviation
Administration facilities. Two
major contractors for the F.A.A.
have been Hunt Building Cor-
poration of El Paso, Texas and
Avco International Services Di-
vision of Cincinnati, Ohio.
NATIONAL BUREAU OF
STANDARDS
Cromaglass is also active as
part of an industry program
working with the National Bur-
eau of Standards in Washington,
D.C. toward national codes and
regulations covering individual
aerobic wastewater treatment
systems. Dr. Jack Snell is direc-
tor of the National Bureau of
Standards project.
Cromaglass executives state
that Federal agency specifica-
tions for its Wastewater Treat-
ment Products appears to be a
forerunner of Federal, State and
local requirements for nothing
less than secondary or tertiary
treatment of liquid wastes.
SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS
PLANT NO. BUILDING NO NAME EQUIPMENT GALLONS/ TYPE PLANT
N0. DAY
1. M6-8958 MAIN PLANT SV S01 001
2. M7-1162 FLUID TEST AREA SU 501 008
3. N6-2296A CENTRAL TELEMETRY TO SO1 009
4 K6-792 MAIN PLANT- VAB SS SO1 011'
5. J8-1705 PAD A SP 501 011
6. J7-384 . PAD B SN 501 004
7. K7-12050 PRESS SITE LC-39 PH SO1 001
e. J8-2310 PAD A UY 501 001
9. K7-464 PROPELLANT FACILITIES ZM SO1 001
10. M6-409AIEAST.. VISITORS IWO CENTER VH 501 001
M6-409AIWEST', VISITORS INFO CENTER VH SO2 001
M5-1494A
K7-620
M7-1469A
M6-1671A
K6-1996E
M3-7
J6-2263
"S" BAND .Ida 501 001
PROPELLWT FACILITIES IHG 501 007
SAEF 1 (V.P.F) IWB SO2 007
RANSOI ROAD IRD 501 001
CONTRACTOR'S ROAD IOP SO1 001
PASS AND IOENTIFICATIONIIE 501 008
L.A.C.B IDM 501 001
375,000 EXTEND. AERA.
7.000 EXTEND. AERA.
10.000 EXTEND. AERA.
108,000 EXTEND. AERA:
50,000 CONTACT STAB.
50,000 CONTACT STAB
10.000 l EXTEND. AERA.
1,000 I EXTEND. AERA.
14.000 1.EXTEND. AERA.
50.000 I EXTEND: AERA/
50.000 CONTACT STAB.
15.000 EXTEND. AERA.
11,000 EXTEND. AERA.
2.000 EXTEND. AERA.
5,000 I EXTEND. AERA.
8,000 I EXTEND. AERA.
3,000 EXTEND. AERA.
1,50Q I EX1041. AERA.
DOMESTIC TREATMENT- PLANTS
1. J8-1503 OPERATION SUPPORT, LOX PAD A DA S01 001 500 MECH. AERA. L S -17A
J6-2313
2. J8-1614 OPERATION SUPPORT. RPI PAD A 08 501 001 500 MECH. AERA.
J6-553
SEPTIC TANK
N0.4
3. K6-1141 C-5 SUBSTATION EU 501 001 500 MECH. AERA.
STATIONOABITEY LANDING
4. K6-1193 VAB REPEATER STATION
TE SO1 001 500 _ NECH. AERA. FACILITY
5. K6-1446 TANKER OVERHAUL GA SO1 001 1,500 MECH. AERA.
OPERATION SUPPORT.
6. J7-132 LOX PAO 8 CO SO1 001 500 MECH. AERA.
7. J7-243 OPERATIONSUPPORT.
RPl PAD AD8 DE S01 001 500 MECH. AERA.
B
8. L7-1557 CIF ANTENNA SITE IS S06 001 500 MECH. AERA.
96A ROADS AND GROUNDS. PP 501 001 500 MECH. AERA.
10. J7-1388 WATER PIMP STATION WA S01 001 500 MECH. AERA.
All domestic treatment plants listed above are
Cromaglass units.
Drawing provides locations of Cromaglass
systems. Inspection shows that, after 10
years, these systems are working to the
satisfaction of NASA and Boeing, the
maintenance contractor.
I..... R.rFA
GATE 3
M3- 7
STP 16
LS-I6A
M5-I444
LS-1IB
M5-I494
STP II
LS-IIA
•
S• BAND
NASA CA.JSCWAY
L5-683
SEPTIC
TANK NO.3
K6-894
M6-409A
STP 10
LS-IOA
LS- 4F
5R 402
STP-17
7-J6-2263
BAIAVA
CRCER
K6-792
STP 4
K6-1045
LS-4C
K6.1196
LS-4D -`
K6-114I
DTP 3 -�
K6-I193
DTP 4
K6-i446--'
DTP5
.CNWAlS.BP
HMIMMUI
M6.4090
LS-1013
M6-167IA
STP 14
LS-14A
HOLDING TANK N0.4
500. WEATHER TOWER
K6-793
LS-4A
-K7506
SEPTIC TANK
\N0.13
, _K7-557
SEPTIC
TANK
NO.I2
J 7-132
DTP6
J7-384
STP6
L5'6A
LS-6C
LS-6B-
J7- I388
DTP 10
K6-I996E
STP 15
LS-15A
k•- • 4-K6-2,96A
1 - DTP9
.4
i
-K7-464
STP 9
LS-9A
K 7-468
LS-98
K 7- 620
STP 12
LS-12A
PAD B
LC-39 AREA
K 7-1205 D
STP 7
FALL BACK AREA
HOLDING TANK NO 5
_1771,
K6- I247
LS-4E
K7-I557
SEPTIC TANK NO.2
L7-I557
DTP 8
LS-D8A
M7.657J�
• LS-IF
L-W2 Io
�N Y
LS•1B
M6.8958
STP 1
LS-IA
INDUSTRIAL AREA
M7-1410 -
1
SEPTIC TANK
N0.9
M7-867 -
SEPTIC
TANK N0.7
M7-1412
SEPTIC TANK
NO.10
J7-243
DTP7
GUARD GATE
HOLDING TANK NO.2
J 8-1705
STP S
LS•5A
LS 5B
J8-I503
DTP I
PAD A
J8-I614
DTP 2
GUARD GATE
HOLDING TANK N0.1,
STP - 8
J 8- 20I0
LS-8A
MSS PARK SITE
K7-188
LS-SI & SEPTIC TANK
FIRE TRAINING AREA
HOLDING TANK N0.3
M7.531
SEPTIC
TANK NO 6
M7-1162
STP 2
LS-2A
M7-I469A
STP 13
LS-13A
M7-14I7
SEPTIC TANK
N0. II
3
LIFT STATION BUILDING NO
LS-IA 46-895A
1S-18 M6-996
LS - 1C M7-451
LS - 1D N/A
LS - lE M6-486
LS 1F M7-657
LS - 2A M7-1162
LS - 3A N6-2296 8
LS'- 4A K6-793
LS - 413' K6-897
LS - 4C K6-1045
LS - 40 K6-1196
LS - 4E K6-1247
LS - 4F K6-894
L5 - 5A J8-1705
LS - 58 J8-1705
L5 - 6A J7-384
LS - 68 N/A
LS - 6C J7-384
LS - 8A J8-2010
LS - 9A K7-464
LS - 98 K7-468
LS - 10A M6-409A
LS - 108 M6-409D
LS - 11A M5-1494A
LS - 118 M5-1444
LS - 12A K7-620
LS - 13A M7-1469A
L5 - 14A M6-1671A
LS - 15A K6-19968
LS - 16A M3-2
LS - DOA L7-1557
LS - S1 K7-188
LS - 17A J6-2313
I 0 0
L�
N6-2296Al
STP 3
LS-3A
TEL.B
N6 1009
SEPTIC
TANK NO.5
GATE 2
LIFT STATIONS
LOCATION
STP - 1
2ND ST. B. AVE.
STP - 2
STP - 3
CRAWLER PK. SITE
"ORBITER PROCESSING FACILITY
STP-5 - PAD A
STP-5 - PAD A
STP-6 - PAD 8
TRL. PK. SITE PAD B.
STP-6 - PAD B
PAO A GATE
STP-9 .
CCF BLDG.
STP-10 - VIC
CAROUSEL CAFETERIA
STP-11 - •'S" BAND
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PROD. NO. !SHEET I OF I
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CROMAGLASS INTRODUCES LARGE CAPACITY TREATMENT SYSTEMS
Recently Federal EPA wastewater treat-
ment programs have, at the request of Con-
gress, reduced drastically funding available
for municipal type sewerage systems. As a
result, there is a growing need for accepta-
ble alternatives.
Cromaglass has continued to engineer its
products to provide treatment capabilities for
those medium range flows of buildings or fa-
cilities located beyond conventional sewers.
Largest modules now available from
Cromaglass are of the 12,000 gallon capaci-
ty dual tank system. In designing these mod-
ules, engineering consideration was given
to transportation requirements from factory
to job site. This meant holding to a maximum
20' length and under 8' width to accommo-
date over the road trailers and containers.
Community - Cluster Systems
Developers and builders have found
4 INTAKE -
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SECT ION
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AERATION
SECTION
Cromaglass community type wastewater
programs to be very cost effective to the
point that on a per home or multi -family resi-
dence the tptal system including pump sta-
tions, treatment unit, and effluent disposal
method ranges down to as low as $1,500—
in some cases even lower than costs for un-
acceptable septic tanks.
Important is the fact that these communi-
ty systems are more acceptable to regulato-
ry agencies due to better assurance for op-
eration and maintenance (responsibility re-
tained by one entity).
Actual experience with establishment of
community systems by builders and devel-
opers has provided necessary legal agree-
ments binding property owners to assure
regulatory agencies that, through local mu-
nicipalities, responsible wastewater opera-
tion and maintenance programs will always
be effective. "Pay as you go" service is
-Z4.57MAN ROLE TYR
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SECTION A -A
available on a periodic and emergency ba-
sis with a community organization (home-
owner's association, condominium manage-
ment, etc.) legally bound to fund service per-
formed by an independent trained contrac-
tor or even the municipality's own service
people. In general, annual service costs on
a per residence basis range no more and
often Tess than charges for municipal water
and sewer costs.
AERATION
SECTION
Smaller available modules utilizing
easy to handle, removable, fiberglass
tanks are 3,000, 5,000, and 6,000 gal-
lon per day systems. These can be in-
stalled with many design configura-
tions that meet site requirements, i.e.
parallel or perpendicular tank design
combinations.
fit
1
1 CONTACT
CLARIFIER
7'4
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7._7
TIT\[ JOO NO I1 IIE T.
CROMAGLASS CORP. IDRAWNO1R SO\AREKAESCRAO\OICNWASSTEWATEI CA. 'CC'
W ILLI AM SPORT, PENNA. DATE SJULY2,182 GNCCKEO 6X.�/ TREATTIENT PLANT DWE NO 17701 roeovwl IAPPROVE01 %„(, 3� riANE
Cromaglass Model CA-100 tank modules—capacity-10,000-12,000 GPD
Cromaglass Corporation
P.O. Box 3215, Williamsport, PA 17701 • Phone (717) 326-3396
Gi
Vol 3. No. 2 ADVANCED RESEARCH FOR POLLUTION CONTROL
JANUARY 1983
AEROBIC TREATMENT SOLVES SEWAGE DISPOSAL
FOR RESORT CONDOMINIUMS AND HOTELS
FROM HAWAII TO THE CARIBBEAN, CROMAGLASS AEROBICS HAVE PROVIDED
FOR VALUABLE WATER RESOURCES OF LUXURIOUS RESORTS.
Resort areas present a special need for
adequate wastewater treatment —due to
land values and absolute requirement for a
pollution free environment. Discriminat-
ing guests will not tolerate poorly run facili-
ties.
VIRGIN ISLANDS
Bitter End Yacht Club is a sailor's delight
and major stopover for boaters cruising the
northeastern Caribbean area.
Isolated on a small remote peninsula of
Virgin Gorda with steeply rising mountain
sides, the resort is dependent upon rain
water collected from rooftops and stored in
cisterns. As a result, lack of rain necessi-
Cromaglass has enabled many hotel and
condominium projects, not only to prevent
pollution, but also to provide valuable fresh
water for irrigating vegetation and in some
cases, toilet flushing.
Outstanding feature of Cromaglass units
since the owners decided to continue their
method of toilet or "black water" disposal
using salt water flushing and seepage pits in
sandy soil, therefore denying important bio-
logical matter to the Cromaglass systems
for improvement of treatment efficiency and
effluent quality. As a part of its customer ser-
vice program Cromaglass provided the con-
sulting expertise of representative, Edward
BITTER END YACHT CLUB
tates the use of a small desalinization plant
or fresh water barged from the neighboring
island of Tortola with water costing from 3¢
to 6¢ per gallon.
With abundant, beautiful, tropical flowers
planted throughout the complex, fresh
water is in great demand so resort manage-
ment has utilized Cromaglass wastewater
treatment systems and accessory filters to
allow watering with recycled treated waste-
water or as it is commonly called "grey
water". Over time a special grease removal
unit has been added to the kitchen facilities
and improved pumping and wastewater
management procedures have constantly
increased effluent quality.
An unusual biological problem was en-
countered by Cromaglass at Bitter End
J. Wilson, who spent considerable time final-
izing on -site engineering and hookup.
To replace unavailable toilet water, own-
ers of Bitter End agreed to provide food
preparation and table scrap wastes that
would act as a biological catalyst to the aero-
bic treatment tanks. Also included to improve
effectiveness was a synthetic bacterial en-
zyme that could periodically be added as
treatment progressed.
Following aerobic treatment, effluent
from a series of secondary tank units is
passed through a specially designed back-
wash type sand filter and finally to storage in
large fiberglass tanks. Resulting "grey wat-
er" has been highly beneficial to growth of
the magnificent flowering plants surround-
ing Bitter End.
for this type use is their completely enclosed
tanks —noiseless and odorless —with locked
maintenance hatches. For this reason, they
have been located adjacent to housing units
valued at over $250,000, consequently sav-
ing costly piping and pumping stations.
CAYMAN ISLANDS
Over the past two years, Grand Cayman
Island in the British West Indies, has pre-
sented Cromaglass with an unusual chal-
lenge. After having provided sewage treat-
ment systems several years ago for a con-
dominium_complex and bank, not much had
been heard from this busy banking center
located some 150 miles southwest of Cuba.
Suddenly, however, all seemed to blos-
som with specifications and new orders for
Cromaglass treatment units —due in no
small degree to past success added to the
hard work of representative, Jacques Vin-
mont and his distributor/service contractor,
Environmental Engineering ,Ltd., adminis-
tered by Director, Heber G. Arch.
POINSETTIA CONDOMINIUMS
Model CA-30 Treatment System-8 condomini-
um units (note proximity of tank to swimming
pool, beach, and patios).
Septic tanks and cesspools had been the
major method for sewage disposal but an
analysis and study by visiting members of
the United Nations Health Organization in-
dicated that already short supplies of fresh
water would be precariously endangered if
(Continued on Page 3)
TRADEWINDS
Virgin Gorda
British Virgin Islands
Description of Project —The Tradewinds
is a new resort owned by a Norwegian ship-
ping company and is located between Bitter
End Yacht Club and Bira's Creek Hotel on
Virgin Gorda, British Virgin Islands. Guests
are mostly those on sailboat island excur-
sions but some visit the area for vacations
without boats.
Architect, Peter Pennington, chose Crom-
aglass Corporation to supply the total waste-
water treatment system including engineer-
ing, design, and installation based upon his
knowledge of previous Cromaglass installa-
tions at Bitter End Yacht Club and others
found throughout the Caribbean Islands.
Fresh water is generally obtained in the area
only from collection on roof tops and stor-
age in cisterns —and is therefore scarce
and is a very valuable resource. It is the de-
sire of the Tradewinds management to have
the option of reusing a portion of the waste-
water generated. Since toilet flushing will be
accommodated through sea water, irriga-
tion of plantings must use total fresh water.
Design of the wastewater treatment sys-
tem is such that tank modules are located
near the buildings discharging the waste-
water and in that way minimizing the amount
of large diameter sewage pipe and number
of sewage pump stations.
Since there is very limited ground space
surrounding the facilities and the soil is not
conducive to a conventional septic tank sys-
tem, the Cromaglass method was chosen to
provide an optimum treated effluent which
is acceptable for reuse or discharge directly
into the sea.
Aerobically treated effluent can at the op-
tion of management be valved to storage for
reuse after passing through a tertiary treat-
ment sand filter or discharged into the adja-
cent ocean. Any discharge into the sea at
the chosen location is especially critical due
to its proximity to the tropical bathing beach
and Marine Sanctuary or fish preserve.
Special Design Characteristics —It was
important to the architects and engineers of
Tradewinds that the wastewater treatment
system be easily transported and assembled
NE
on site. Cromaglass systems met this re-
quirement. Some of the large fiberglass
tanks were shipped unassembled to save
freight costs to the Islands and were easily
completed by the installation crew
Realizing that restaurant wastewater is
very difficult to treat, Cromaglass designed
the system in order to provide a mix of do-
mestic type sewage with the restaurant
wastewater in an equalization tank into
which a special biological promoting chemi-
cal is automatically metered.
Another very critical piece of equipment
is a special grease removal unit located
near the restaurant kitchen to facilitate best
possible operation and removal of kitchen
greases.
To assure an environmentally acceptable
treated effluent discharge from the total sys-
tem, disinfection is through a unique ultra-
violet/ozone process which was chosen
based upon its previous success in tropical
resorts. It should be noted that effluent disin-
fected in this manner eliminates a chemical
residual in recycled water thereby protect-
ing needed continued natural biological pro-
cesses.
I tt
Costs of the total Comaglass system in-
cluding engineering, design, and installation
were determined by the designers of the
Tradewinds to be the most reasonable for
value received and in comparison to compe-
titive treatment plants.
TRADEWINDS RESORT
Equipment Details
Total Capacity -15,000 Gallons per Day
Aeration Systems
3-Model CA-50 Batch Treat" Units
1-3,000 Galion. Mixing Tank
Disinfection System
1-3;000 Gallon Contact/Storage Tank
1-Photozone Ultraviolet Ozonator
Tertiary Filtration
1-Lyco Automatic Backwash Filter Unit
Grease Removal •
1-Lowe Model 25 Stainless Steel GRU
System
Lift Station
1 Hydrornatic Self Contained Unit with Auto-
matic Controls and Alarm
it
4-0 1 5--0
atst$l
LAYOUT PLAN OF 15,000 GAL. RECYCLE SYSTEM
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Guavaberry-Spring Bay
GUAVABERRY ESTATES
Offering a spectacular view across the
blue Caribbean with its own "best in the
world" white sand beach, Guavaberry-Spring
Bay is a most unusual rest and relaxation
haven that has been another Cromaglass
customer over the past five years. Tree
house type cottages nestle between giant
round boulders termed as one of the worlds
exceptional wonders.
Cromaglass aerobic treatment units be-
came a necessity at Guavaberry since sep-
tic tank systems would not work in the hard,
clay like soils that start just off the sandy
beaches of Virgin Gorda.
As owner -operators, the Charles Roy
family utilize Cromaglass wastewater treat-
ment systems to provide an effluent accept-
able for watering vegetation where clay soils
would not be conducive to septic tank use.
They purchased their first aerobic system to
handle the sewage capacity of two cottages
and after several years success, chose a
later Cromaglass Model CA-15 for use with
the four newest houses.
Combined aerated effluent from the older
tanks and new CA-15 is pumped to a large
sand filter for tertiary treatment and dis-
charge through a 500 gallon solid state
chlorination contact/storage tank for final
use in watering plants or even toilet flushing.
Attached to the concrete walled sand filter
is a small building where electrical controls,
air compressors, and other accessories are
located.
The Roys have advised that an important
reason for using Cromaglass products has
been the excellent service provided by the
company —both on technical advice and
spare parts replacement.
CAYMAN ISLANDS,
(Continued from Page 1)
better treatment and disposal was not in-
itiated.
It was not difficult to convince govern-
ment regulators, engineers, and even gen-
eral contractors of the usefulness of aerobic
treatment units to provide recycled water
that would substitute for that made by ex-
pensive desalinization methods.
Although several Cromaglass units of all
sizes have been installed on Grand Cayman
Island within the last few months, Environ-
VILLAS PAPPAGALLO CONDOMINIUMS
Model CA-30 under concealed entry ways —
treated effluent passed through carbon filter and
reused for watering plantings.
mental's Marketing Manager, Bob Henriques,
believes that "the surface has hardly been
scratched."
From a technical viewpoint, if a system is
not designed for reuse of effluent passed
through a filter accessory and disinfection,
the treated water is discharged to 30' or 50'
deep wells that extend via 4" and 3" diame-
ter pipes into subsurface strata and brack-
ish water (depth and number of wells depen-
dent on overall quantity of water disposed).
THE RONAL IIVA C4 (kNkh
Cromaglass systems have been installed on
buildings in the heart of Georgetown, the capitol
of Grand Cayman. The Royal Bank of Canada is
one of those buildings served by a Model CA-25
unit. Second and third floors of the building are
used for offices and the first floor for a parking
garage in one corner of which is located the
treatment unit and effluent disposal method. En-
vironmental Engineering's service manager,
Kendall Thompson, looks into the open servicing
manway.
FAST .DELIVERY : TO HAWNAI
Having delayed, final "ordering: of : a
sewage:: treatment system: for their shop
ping center bowling alley ,complex::be
irig constructed just outside 'of Honolulu;
Hawaii, the general contractor .was sub-
ject to a',heavy penalty clause.. They _ con-
tacted Cromaglass distributor, Ecological
Engineering, from whom they already
had quotations on fiberglass batch treat-
ment systems —one sized at 6,000 gal-
lons per day and the other at 1,500 GPD.
Ecological promptly telephoned Crom-
aglass offices in Williamsport, Pennsylva-
nia to determine how soon the 6,000
GPD system could be delivered to Hono-
lulu. As a result, the 20' long by 71/2' wide
cylindrical tank was released on a Thurs-
day with trucking to Kennedy Airport in
New York for loading on a Pan Am jumbo
jet freighter. Final delivery to the custom-
er at the Honolulu Airport was made the
Sunday of that same weekend.
Quite a feat! But, this is all part of rou-
tine service provided by Cromaglass to
its customers.
(Continued from Page 1)
the Cromaglass Batch Treatment System. Method of effluent
disposal was addressed as it affected subsurface soils require-
ments. On Staten Island, those conditions require an excavation
for test pits roughly 4ft. square plus a depth necessary to either
reach the water table or a layer of sand. When these tests were
performed, it was found that water was at a depth of 33 ft., and to
break through the clay -type cover, ended with 5ft. depth of sand
in the effluent pit.
Having completed design for the proper effluent disposal, it
was then necessary to have several meetings between the
developer's engineer and the New York City Sanitary Engineering
Department. Discussions covered such subjects as pump station
following collection of the raw sewage from 30-home subdivision
and whether a mechanical comminutor would be required for
installation prior to the Cromaglass 15,000 GPD System. These
problems were not easily solved but Randy Lee was satisfied
that his efforts had provided him with a wastewater treatment
system that could be installed immediately adjacent to the
project's homes (no noise or odors), and he thereby eliminated
costs of long collector lines and pump stations. In addition, he
had substantial savings in costs of ground and other space that
would have been necessary for construction with a conventional
sewerage system.
OPERATION & MAINTENANCE
One of the more important features of choosing Cromaglass
Batch Treatment Systems by consulting engineers is the design
of the Cromaglass System which allows for easier overall
operation and maintenance and supplementary decrease in
development of sludge (which otherwise would be difficult to
remove and dispose). Following start-up, the owner's service
representative, Peter Jurgeleit, found that the Cromaglass design
would not allow any disregard of the monitoring system (basically
consisting of float sensors and other alert components).
Jurgeleit easily installed in the Cromaglass control package a
telephone monitoring device whereby a malfunction at any time
of day or night would automatically ring into his office and home
indicating that there was a malfunction in the aeration or
hydraulic transfer system. Since there is adequate reserve
capacity in the Cromaglass tanks, he could wait until "on the job"
the next day or as appropriate to provide service required.
Editor's Note: This part of the Arbutus — Randy Lee Development
is important from the regulatory standpoint and is a clear example
of how operation and maintenance concerns of regulatory agencies
can be avoided with the appropriate monitoring program — which
is inexpensive when applied with a Cromaglass Batch System
control package.
Consulting Engineer for the Arbutus/Randy Lee
project was Carmine Procassini, P.E., of Staten
Island, New York.
Environmental engineering was provided by
Carpenter Associates and their administrator, Dr.
Raul Cardenas, who is also an Environmental
Engineering Professor.
Upon completion of the 30-home subdivision, wastewater
from which was much more efficiently processed than would
have been the case with conventional treatment plant, entire
management was transferred to a home -owner's association
that was responsible for collection required sewage fees which,
in turn, cover the actual services for operating and maintaining
the Cromaglass Community Wastewater Treatment System.
Control module for 15,000 GPD system - including automatic
telephone monitoring device.
(Continued from Page 1)
Systems designed for small communities or cluster type
situations range in capacities from 1,500 GPD up through
100,000 GPD. Modular units of 3,000; 5,000; and 12,000 GPD
are popular because of their low capital costs and ability to be
used as required (increasing efficiency of biological treatment).
Refer to related article on
performance evaluation of
Cromaglass Systems.
An important element contributing to the overall design and
acceptabiltiy of such community systems is the method of
treated effluent disposal. This can be via non -contaminating
subsurfacez dispersion; through special methods of lagoons,
spray irrigation, or recycling; and finally, through the less environ-
mentally sound method of direct discharge to steams, storm
sewers, rivers or tidal waters.
Important, of course, with consideration of the first above
alternative for effluent disposal is a knowledge of local sub-
surface soils condition and whether or not such soils could
support dispersion of the treated effluent.
Analysis and design of subsurface soil conditions must be
accomplished by a knowledgeable soils scientist or engineer. In
some situations, although soils under available parameters
established may not seem to support effluent disposal, built up
aerobic beds with pressure discharge of treated effluent
throughout the area has lent itself very well to optimum conditions.
CROMAGLASS CORPORATION
P.O. Box 3215, Williamsport, PA 17701 • Phone (717) 326-3396
SWISS
MINED
Vol. 4 No. 1 ADVANCED RESEARCH FOR POLLUTION CONTROL
Winter 1986
WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS
HIGHLIGHT SMALL COMMUNITY SYSTEMS
38-HOME SUBDIVISION
Staten Island is one of the integral parts
of New York City and the only one with
large parcels of land previously untouched
by housing developers. However, easy
access to downtown Manhattan, made
possible by construction of the Verrazzano
Narrows Bridge, has made the Island an
appealing residential area for those working
in "the City."
There is one important "missing Zink" for
affordable home construction (former city
dwellers do not want more apartments),
and that is the lack of sanitary sewers. This
problem led developer (and local attorney),
Randy Lee, to seek an alternative waste-
water program. As a very active member of
the National Association of Horne Builders,
Mr. Lee found one possible solution while
attending an Association seminar where
NAHB staff was reviewing alternative
sewage systems.
In New York State, as is true in many
other areas, it is necessary to have a sewage
system permit prior to beginning const-
ruction of a project, and although developer
Lee had a permit for a package treatment
plant with direct effluent discharge to a
remotely located pond, this design pre-
sented several negative aspects.
For one thing, if a large conventional
package treatment plant had been used, it
would have been necessary to build a
house -like structure over the tank system
to accommodate regulations regarding
aesthetic and sanitary aspects dealing with
open type treatment systems. (This was
expected to cost over $20,000 in itself.)
Further requirements of an NPDES permit,
or EPA surface discharge license, included
that there must be weekly monitoring with
appropriate chemical analysis of effluent
quality. (This analysis alone without man-
power costs was expected to be approx.
$15,000 annually.)
Pete Jurgeleit, maintenance manager of Arbutus and Cromaglass Vice President, Frank Moltz, observe
15,000 GPD Batch Treatment System serving 38-home subdivision — note location close to homes.
Cromaglass presented Randy Lee with a
wastewater management program that
included enclosed fiberglass tanks with
locked maintenance hatchways which
would not require a structure to be built
over them. (They would be built into the
ground with only their manways showing.)
Second important part of the Cromaglass
program was for subsurface disposal of
treated effluent thereby avoiding require-
ments of the special surface discharge
permit. Being a very astute developer,
conscious of all regulations and cost
effective procedures, Randy asked Croma-
glass to work with his professsional
consulting engineer, Carmine Procassini,
who would, in turn, produce the necessary
drawings and permit applications including
(Continued Page 4, Column 1)
PUBLIC FUNDING DECREASES
BRING NEED FOR
ALTERNATIVE SEWAGE
TREATMENT SYSTEMS
Population growth, in conjunction with
decrease in federal funding for municipal
sewerage systems, increased importance
of developing alternatives which can be
cost effective and acceptable overall for
public health and our environment.
While septic systems with potential for
underground water pollution have been
the way of the past, small communities are
turning to alternatives which are not only
more cost effective, but more easily
managed and overall more satisfactory from
a public health aspect.
(Continued Page 4, Column 2)
4
1
DEVELOPMENT USES BATCH
TREATMENT SYSTEMS WHERE
SEPTICS UNACCEPTABLE
A suburban Philadelphia developer had
approximately eight acres remaining of
property located in western Chester County,
PA. As part of an overall development along
Saybrook Road, it was decided to divide
the property into eight one -acre lots.
Since soils in the area would not support
individual septic tank systems, the developer
was convinced by contractor, Larry Katzmire,
to install a small community wastewater
treatment system — and although a large
septic tank system could have been utilized
(total wastewater capacity of nearly 3,000
gallons per day), Katzmire demonstrated
the cost effectiveness of a Cromaglass
3,000 gallon batch treatment aeration
system.
Design was such that treated effluent
would be automatically discharged over
500 feet to one of the building lots with a
percolation rate of 55 minutes per inch and
where a subsurface drainage area would
be located.
One of the key elements in using the
building lot for treated effluent disposal
was that with the batch treat aeration sys-
tem, the effluent drainage area could be
reduced by over 30% — with reduction
allowing a home to be built on the same lot.
This more than paid for the $25,000
approximate cost of the overall community
treatment system. Individual lot values in
that location are approximately $30,000
per acre.
•
3,000 GPD pumping station and buried collec-
tor/effluent transfer lines (note path through
wooded area).
Cromaglass Vice President, Frank Moltz, and Servicing Distributor, Larry Katzmire, checking solids
settling rate of 3,000 GPD community batch -type wastewater system.
Consulting enginners, C.E. Moore, Inc.,
recommended sizing the small community
system at 3,000 gallons per day and, as a
result, contractor Katzmire furnished the
controlled batch treatment system (Model
CA-30) as produced by Cromaglass
Corporation of Williamsport, PA. These
small community treatment units are sub-
ject to approval by the County Health
Department and State Department of
Enviromental Resources (independent
laboratory test report on Cromaglass Batch
Systems is available on request).
Sequence of collection, treatment, and
disposal are such that raw wastewater is
transported to the Cromaglass System
throught a 6-inch collector line and 1/2 h.p.
duplex pump station (pump station un-
necessary with certain topographical
conditions). Treated effluent (tests indicate
96% reduction of BOD and suspended
solids) is then pumped from a 1 h.p. duplex
pressure dosing system approximately 500
ft. to the disposal field with total area of
3,000 sq. ft. (est. one gallon per sq. ft. per
Subdivision Plot Plan showing 3,000 GPD treat-
ment system, pump stations and special design
remote disposal field.
day). Drainage field is constructed with five
trenches, each 6 ft. wide and 100ft. long —
and since the trenches are located on 10%
-12% slopes, the 11/2 inch PVC pipe contains
perforations varying in size depending on
location of the pipe on the slope. Effluent
transport pipe to the disposal field is 4-inch
PVC. To accomplish necessary dosing,
pumping from the treatment tank is designed
for a 44-foot head with a static head actually
being 29 ft.
Materials used in the aerobic drainfield
consist of crushed stone, untreated building
paper, and top soil.
Pennsylvania Department of Environ-
mental Resources has expressed a
preference for this type of small community
treatment system as opposed to individual
lot sewage units — primarily since long-
range operation and maintenance can be
more easily controlled. In addition,
developers have found this type of sewerage
system to be cost effective even as com-
pared to problematic septic tank/drainfield
systems.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION COMPLETED
An intensive independent laboratory
analysis of the newest Cromaglass batch
treatment design was recently completed
at Penn State University's Institute of
Research on Land and Water Resources in
conjunction with the Civil Engineering
Department. This program demonstrated
that the unique process can produce an
effluent quality superior to Federal EPA
and state standards for surface discharges.
Results of 96% reduction of pollutants
(biochemical oxygen demand and sus-
pended solids) are accomplished through
recently modified batch process system
that is simplified by not requiring special
tertiary filters normally used on other treat-
ment plants. Treated effluent averaged 10
mg/I for both BOD and suspended solids
over the six-month test duration:
This performance evaluation conforming
to National Sanitation Foundation require-
ments confirms the ability of these systems
to operate in small communities as alter-
natives for large treatment plants which
have been found by Congressional
Committees to be, at times, too costly and
inefficient.
Evidence indicates that a large number
of on -site sewage disposal systems, con-
sisting mainly of septic tanks, have failed.
As a result, the Federal EPA, state, and
local officials are advocating the use of
alternative treatment techniques to offset
the high cost of large collection systems
and centralized treatment.
A complete report on the study, or more
information, can be obtained from Croma-
glass Corporation, P.O. Box 3215,
Williamsport, PA 17701.
SPECIAL FUNDING
•w�Federal EPA regulations allow 20%
_;.:more eligible funding for Cromaglass
,..':;Batch Treatment (as Systems
Y
;innovative alternatives) than conven-
SUGGESTED METHOD FOR PERCOLATION TEST
Here is a perc test that one of our Pennsylvania distributors finds works very well for him. The County Inspector questioned this method
until he explained this test duplicates the conditions at the proposed leach field.
His procedure is to open a test hole 20" deep and 6-10" in diameter with smooth sides. He puts 2+" of gravel in bottom and then
surrounds a 3" perforated PVC pipe with 1 Bor2Bstone/gravel. He then fills the pipe with water and measures the absorption rate by noting
the fall of the calibrated metal rod with styrofoam float on the bottom.
Perhaps this simple, but accurate, test will work in your area.
3" PERFORATED PVC PIPE
'////////////A////
11
o
-�— - 1 0----�,
SMOOTH SIDES
METAL MEASURING ROD NOTCHED
IN INCHES & INCREMENTS. STYRO-
FOAM FLOAT ON BOTTOM.
1B, 2B STONE OR GRAVEL
OR MORE GRAVEL
2
3
PRESQUE ISLE STATE PARK
(Cont'd. from Page 2)
Treatment of septic tank effluent
has been of no problem to this or
similar facilities in other states. DER
knew that stress testing of Croma-
glass Systems had proven effective-
ness of this product even under the
worst conditions of power outages,
reasonable amounts of chemical or
detergent input, as well as seasonal
use conditions.
Excavation for Model CA-100 — note steel pilings,
tie -down slab.
DER officials commented that
this method of sewerage was much
less than would have been the cost
of collection line throughout the
nine -mile -long peninsula with pump-
ng facilities to the city of Erie's treat-
ment plant.
Model CA-100 modules being unloaded. Note
special lifting hooks at tank flange.
PERRY MONUMENT SITE PLAN
1
0
Q
. J` ` 1 I'I+
NEW UNDERGROUND ELECTRIC CABLE
EXIST, ELECTRIC CA SLE
NEW LINE
NEW SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT
CROMAGLASS CA50 OR APPROVED EQUAL
NEW EROSION
FEED CHLORINATOR
DOSING TAN)C.(EXIST)
/
\',
(E1,15T)MANHOLE
(EX1ST.)SEPTIC TANK,
ERAS P
AKE BOB SANDLIN
After having used numerous concrete and: steel sewage treatment
plants at parks throughout the , state, Texas Parks and; Recreation
Department engineers specified Cromaglass Controlled Batch Sys-
tems for use on rest -room facilities at Lake Bob Sandlin located east
of. Dallas.
Within the :last couple of years, Ronnie Romines and Vernon Cook
of Alternate Wastewater Systems, Inc;: introduced Cromaglass Con-
trolled Batch Systems to the central offices of the Parks Department.
As a result, Cromaglass 5,000 GPD units (Model. CA-50) were speci-
fied for Lake Bob Sandlin, one of the newest public recreational parks
in the state. Officials stated that they preferred Cromaglass fiberglass.
construction as it was anticipated to require much less maintenance
and would last longer than other construction materials. Design details
are such that the three Model CA-50 modules will be located in
separate areas of the Park with sewage connections, reducing;. long
collector lines and pump stations.
Treated effluent will be automatically discharged from batch unit
clarifiers to subsurfacedrainf fields constructed in soils considered
toodifficult for septic tank .type. effluen
Pete Owens, Cromaglass representative, reports that Parks Service
engineers have had problems with other types of sewage plants.
Cromaglass Corporation
P.O. Box 3215 • Williamsport, PA 17701 • Phone (717) 326-3396
w
MEM
D G
- w
Vol. 4 No. 2
ADVANCED RESEARCH FOR POLLUTION CONTROL Fall 1986
CROMAGLASS BATCH SYSTEMS POPULAR
FOR STATE PARKS
Wastewater treatment and dis-
posal has become a controversial
subject at state parks throughout
the nation from Bahia Honda in the
Florida Keys, Bob Sandlin Park in
northern Texas, to Presque Isle on
Lake Erie. Parks Department en-
gineers have had to look to innova-
PRESQUE ISLE STATE PARK
PRESQUE ISLE
STATE PARK
Ctr _ MOO ACRES
7 MILES OF REACH
PENNSYLVANIA.
PY. OF ENVIRONMENTAL NESUURCE
BNREAU 6F STATE PARRS
Located on the eastern shore of
Lake Erie, Presque Isle is nine
miles long and one of the largest of
112 parks under the control of the
State Department of Environmen-
tal Resources (DER), which over-
sees the park through its Bureau of
State Parks. Desire to maintain the
3,200 acre facility (draws more peo-
ple annually than Yellowstone and
Grand Canyon National Parks put
together) in its most desirable con-
dition has led to heated battles be-
tween DER and local environmen-
talists. A mixture of beautiful, bright
beaches, swamps and trees, it has
inlets for sailing, wind surfing or
tive sewage systems as a remedy
for erratic seasonal conditions
resulting in surge flows and organ-
ic fluctuations. Cromaglass con-
trolled batch units have been the
design choice to meet aesthetic
values including appearance and
noise levels. Durability of the non -
boating and is a natural habitat for
endangered plants. A key issue to
environmentalists has been the
septic tank systems installed in
1985 at each rest -room facility with
wastewater effluent being dis-
charged to large sand mounds.
These mounds were to act as a
filter for the effluent before it
reached the shallow water table.
(Until recently, toilet facilities
were of the pit privy or portable john
variety — visitors liked the new
flush toilets much better.) Pennsyl-
vania, through its DER, decided to
revise design of the septic tank/
sand mounds by utilizing Croma-
glass Controlled Batch Systems to
treat septic tank effluent prior to
pumping discharge to the same
mounds.
Cromaglass was chosen because
DER Water Quality engineers had
previously monitored independent
testing of the Cromaglass modules
by Penn State University's Sanitary
Engineering Laboratories under
(Cont'd. on Page 2)
corrodible fiberglass tanks plus in-
dependently tested, high quality
treatment has led to the ability to
comply with unusual effluent dis-
posal techniques. Used in difficult
soils or high water tables are spe-
cial designs of trenches and beds.
BAHIA HONDA STATE PARK
Concern for the environmental
impact of septic tank type sewage
facilities in this state park located
on U.S. 1 approximately 37 miles
from Key West, FL, led to hiring by
the State Parks Department of Con-
nell Associates, Engineers, Coral
Gables, FL, to design new treat-
ment facilities.
A key issue here was the prox-
imity of any subsurface effluent dis-
posal area to guarded wetlands
used as a wildlife preserve.
(Cont'd. on Page 3)
Model CA-30 with precast slab — note
extremely high water table.
PRESQUE ISLE STATE PARK
(Cont'd. from Page 1)
criteria established through the
National Sanitation Foundation.
According to the state, quality was
such that they will accept Croma-
glass treated effluent for direct
stream type discharges. Under
these conditions, they could rely
upon the sand mounds not to clog,
break out, or pollute the under-
gound water (as would be possible
with just the septic tanks).
Seven sites at Presque Isle includ-
ing two beach facilities, two boat
docks, a monument rest facility, a
nature center, and a cook -out pavil-
ion were chosen for installation in
1986 of these higher efficiency
systems.
Chivers Construction Company
of Fairview, PA, was the contractor
111E1. 1E. TOWNSHIP
chosen by DER to install the Crom-
aglass units and this contractor's
work proceeded rapidly to meet
seasonal schedules.
Connection of junction box — Model CA-100 by
Ed Wilson, of Cromaglass.
One construction problem en-
countered was an extremely high
water table which required driving
3/4" steel sheet pilings while excava-
tion took place. Constant pumping
allowed a 16" tie -down slab to be
poured after which large fiberglass
tanks were put into place. Proce-
dures then followed were connec-
tion of influent piping from the older
septic tanks, effluent piping and wir-
ing to control panels located in
building utility rooms.
Cromaglass' batch process is a
key engineering feature chosen to
overcome problems with heavy use
of the facilities on weekends
throughout the summer and com-
plete close down of the park during
winter months.
(Cont'd. on Page 4)
PRESQUE ISLE STATE PARK
NATURE CENTER
a
Path Entrance Oath
PENNSYLVAN/A
I0 PA. J USZO / I•!a
BEACH 6
:'aaahtt..
NaT
w.a.aP aa, Pa,,,n, Eat COOKHOUSE
PAVILION
PHI! Nam a.ach.e
EAST PIER
EAST BOAT LIVERY
OCROMAGLASS
UNIT SITES
OF
Yacht clue
;MIMING: Sao-ncrom NON, a
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ff PINE TREE
•,a BUDNY BEACH
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BAHIA HONDA STATE PARK
(Cont'd. from Page 1)
Since the Florida Department of
Environmental Regulations (DER)
would permit secondary or highly
treated effluent to be discharged
into a porous subsurface infiltration
area, consulting engineers speci-
fied a Cromaglass controlled batch
treatment unit of 3,000 gallon size
(Model CA-30).
This treatment system was to
handle the wastewater from six
cabins and other rest -room facilities
located in the park. For prevention
of flooding, cabins were built on pil-
ings raising them six feet above
ground level. This should have
eliminated problems with drainage
through sewer lines to the Croma-
glass tank — except that a 30" cul-
vert existed between cabins and
new drainfield. Depth of burial for
the fiberglass tank then became
the only serious engineering
problem for the site — and this was
overcome by utilizing fiberglass
manways and movable electrical
conduit prefabricated in the Croma-
glass factory. In conjunction with
burial depth, the ground water level
being approximately three feet from
the surface necessitated special in-
stallation procedures not usually
encountered elsewhere. A 10" con-
crete slab was precast to which the
3,000 gallon tank was anchored.
But the problem did not end there as
there had been a miscalculation of
water displacement for the slab/tank
combination. Because coral existed
in most of the• subsurface area, it
was not possible to drive pilings to
help with the excavation. Water was
constantly pumped from the exca-
vation as the tank and slab were
lowered into place. However, the
contractor, Alonzo Cothron Con-
struction Co., had to be very care-
ful with every move made due to
serious environmental impact (such
as where water or silt was pumped,
etc.).
Cromaglass servicing represen-
tative, Edward Wilson, and local
distributor, Bruce Edwards provided
on -site advice as is usual with all
Cromaglass installations.
High water table conditions for tank placement next to cabin.
It should be noted that one of the
more important reasons why Con-
nell Associates chose Cromaglass
was due to the noncorrodible fiber-
glass construction of its tanks which
would overcome much of the deteri-
orating properties found even in
concrete tanks. Noiseless, odor -free
operation was beneficial due to
closeness of cabins.
Low operation and maintenance
costs were other factors in the
choice of this system, and after a
year of use, it has been found that
the Parks Service plant operator
has indicated need only for repair
of two submersible fractional horse-
power pumps. No other repairs
have been required.
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